Synergistic Effects and Ecological Responses of Combined In Situ Passivation and Macrophytes toward the Water Quality of a Macrophytes-Dominated Eutrophic Lake

Combined use of in situ passivation and macrophytes is a valuable technology that exerts remarkable effects on aquatic systems. However, the effectiveness ecological functions this combined for macrophytes-dominated eutrophic (MDE) lakes with organophosphorus-controlled internal phosphorus (P) loading were poorly understood. In study, simulation experiments performed to study combination La-modified materials (LMM; bentonite (LMB), La/Al co-modified attapulgite (LAA)) (Myriophyllum verticillatum L. (MVL), Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) royle (HVR), Ceratophyllum demersum (CDL)) control P mobility water column, investigate passivator physiological characteristics macrophytes. The mineralization organophosphates (BD?Po, HCl?Po, Res?Po) an important factor maintaining high loadings overlying concentrations experiments. Compared individual treatment groups, reduction release flux porewater SRP was more obvious treatments. Moreover, redox-sensitive forms transformation pronounced surface sediments. LAA+M group, reduced by 55% compared passivators retreatment respectively. contrast, LMB+M group decreased 16% 46%, Simultaneously, LMM had less effect traits enhanced absorption phosphate content groups increased 24% 11%, respectively, comparison group. Results concluded restoration synergistic pollution